复杂电磁环境下的电磁频谱管理效能评估研究

针对复杂电磁环境下的电磁频谱管理效能评估问题,提出一套系统地效能评估方法.首先对效能评估的指标体系进行了分析,然后提出了一种多模型混合的效能评估方法,最后对整个过程中效能评估的流程进行研究.通过实例仿真研究表明,该方法可以有效地对复杂电磁频谱下的电磁频谱管理效能进行评估.     

基于Hilbert变换的包络解调法在鱼雷电磁引信中的应用

分析了鱼雷电磁引信的目标信号及其低频调制包络的特性,阐述了Hilbert变换的原理,提出了一种基于Hilbert变换的包络解调法并对其解调原理进行了推导.在Matlab/Simulink环境下,对上述的包络解调法应用于电磁引信目标信号的解调进行了仿真.结果表明,相比传统的电磁引信检波方法,Hilbert 变换法具有解调输出信号波形失真小和解调稳定性高的优点.     

MAD,not Marx: Khrushchev and the nuclear revolution

The revival of nuclear strategy in US policy and scholarship has been strengthened by arguments that the ‘nuclear revolution’ – the assumption that thermonuclear bombs and missiles had made major war too dangerous to wage – does not affect international behaviour as much as nuclear revolution advocates claim. This article shows that the Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev indeed regarded nuclear war as too dangerous to wage, a decision which manifested itself not so much in foreign policy or military doctrine but in his determination to avoid war when the possibility arose. We argue that Khrushchev’s experience provides us with a more useful way to characterise the nuclear revolution and suggest some implications of this argument for contemporary debates about nuclear weaponry.     

电磁发射弹丸飞行弹道仿真

针对电磁发射弹丸飞行弹道进行仿真研究，在建立刚体六自由度飞行弹道模型的基础上，采用时频分析和涡流分析方法，建立电磁-动力学耦合模型分析弹丸出膛时由于膛内振动带来的炮口扰动，采用动网格技术建立电磁-气动耦合模型分析弹托分离产生的气动扰动，从而得到了电磁发射弹丸的飞行弹道模型。以得克萨斯大学先进技术研究所设计的IAT-HVP为例，仿真分析了弹丸以1117 m/s初速、0°射角出膛时弹丸出口扰动对弹体速度和气动特性的影响，并得到其飞行200 m的弹道曲线。仿真结果表明，受电磁发射一体化弹丸出口扰动的影响，弹体落点相比理想弹道产生了24%的偏差，其中炮口扰动引起的偏差最大，其次是弹托分离。     

基于特征值分析的雷达脉冲波形估计及性能分析

雷达侦察接收机往往侦收到多个受噪声污染的目标雷达脉冲,如何从噪声中提取雷达脉冲波形,是现代雷达侦察信号处理中的一个重要内容。提出了一种基于特征值分析的雷达脉冲波形估计算法,该算法通过对脉冲协方差矩阵的特征值分析,给出了一种利用特征向量估计脉冲波形的方法,并理论分析了其估计性能。算法适应于任意形式脉冲波形,且不受各脉冲初始相位的影响。理论分析和仿真结果说明算法能够在较低信噪比环境下恢复脉冲信号波形。     

Defining quantitative criteria for the physical protection system effectiveness of nuclear facilities

The article is devoted to problems of defining quantitative criteria for the physical protection system (PPS) effectiveness of nuclear facilities. The article briefly describes the scheme of the PPS development used in the nuclear industry in Russia, gives a review of existing approaches to defining the minimal acceptable value of the system's effectiveness, and reveals advantages and disadvantages of the approaches. The article describes in detail an approach based on facility categorization by potential losses and a technique of defining the minimal acceptable value of the PPS effectiveness developed on its base.     

复杂电磁环境中水面舰艇作战效能评估的指数模型

复杂电磁环境中水面舰艇作战效能评估对于信息化海战场中水面舰艇兵力的战术运用极为重要,目前还处于一个探索阶段.分析了复杂电磁环境对舰艇装备的作用机理和对舰艇作战活动的影响,建立了效能评估指标体系,针对复杂电磁环境对武器装备作战效能的影响难以定量描述的问题,提出了复杂电磁环境作战效能影响因子这一概念,研究了其求解方法,在此基础上,采用指数法构造了复杂电磁环境中水面舰艇作战效能评估模型,并通过仿真验证了其可用性.     

利用RLC电路合成高压方波脉冲

基于过阻尼RLC电路分时放电,提出了一种新型高压方波脉冲产生方法。理论分析表明过阻尼RLC电路产生的双指数电压波与PFL产生的方形电压波具有类似的上升沿和平顶。电路模拟表明通过人工过零技术可以对双指数电压波进行截尾,从而形成完整的高压方波脉冲。建立了原理验证性样机,由两组RLC电路构成,每组电路包含一台400 nF脉冲电容器和一只三电极场畸变气体开关,两组电路共用一个上升沿调节电感。实验证明样机可以在250 Ω电阻负载上输出幅值17 kV,平顶宽度330 ns~5.8 μs,上升沿100~ 350 ns 的单极性高压方波脉冲。该方法适应性强,对负载变化不敏感,同时具有良好的可调节性,方波上升沿、平顶宽度连续独立可调。     

一种BPSK相参脉冲信号多普勒频率变化率测量方法

BPSK信号广泛应用于新体制雷达中,测量BPSK信号中包含的多普勒频率变化率信息是单站无源定位与跟踪的关键技术.通过对BPSK信号平方消除了相位调制对参数估计的影响,并利用离散傅立叶变换进行脉冲间相参积累,算法具有计算量小、多普勒频率变化率估计精度高的优点.计算机仿真结果表明参数估计的精度能达到单站无源定位与跟踪系统的精度要求.     

How long until midnight? Intelligence-policy relations and the United States response to the Israeli nuclear program, 1959–1985

Why did the United States fail to stop Israeli acquisition of nuclear weapons? Existing research argues that patrons such as the U.S. should have an easy time halting proliferation by militarily and economically vulnerable clients. Nevertheless, Israel acquired nuclear weapons with relatively little American opposition. Utilizing extensive primary source research, we argue that problematic intelligence-policy relations hindered U.S. efforts to arrest Israeli proliferation as (1) policymakers often gave mixed guidance to the intelligence community, resulting in (2) limited information on Israeli efforts that reinforced policy ambiguity. The results carry implications for understanding the dynamics of nuclear proliferation and intelligence-policy relations.